In the steelmaking process, the tundish plays a pivotal role as a crucial refractory vessel. It not only receives molten steel from the ladle but also distributes it to various crystallizers. Due to its unique location and function, selecting the right tundish refractories and ensuring their performance is vital.

1. Functions of Tundish Refractories

The tundish comprises several parts, each demanding specific refractory materials. These parts include the packet body, packet cover, upper and lower nozzles, stopper, slag weir and dam, flow stabilizer, impact plate, etc. Each part has distinct requirements for refractory material performance based on its specific contact conditions and functional needs.

2. Features of Refractory Materials Used in Tundish

The working environment of the tundish imposes strict requirements on its refractories:

1. Erosion Resistance: Refractory materials must resist steel and slag erosion adequately to ensure a prolonged service life.
2. Thermal Shock Resistance: When in contact with molten steel, tundish refractory materials must withstand the heat without rupturing, displaying good thermal shock resistance.
3. Thermal Conductivity and Expansion: To preserve heat and integrity, refractory materials should exhibit low thermal conductivity and minimal thermal expansion.
4. Steel Water Contamination: Refractories should minimize steel water contamination during the casting process to ensure steel quality.
5. Construction Convenience: The shape and structure of refractory materials should facilitate easy packaging and disassembly.

3. Application Tips

When using tundish refractories, consider the following:

1. Steelmaking Process Influence: The steelmaking process directly impacts the choice and usage of refractory materials for the tundish.
2. Selection of Refractory Bricks: Choose the appropriate grade of refractory bricks for the tundish based on the requirements of the specific parts. Different parts have distinct performance requirements.
3. Non-conformable Refractory Materials Construction: If using non-conformable refractory materials for masonry, select the suitable construction method to ensure optimal performance.
4. Quality Control: Strictly avoid using refractory materials that do not meet usage requirements or fall below quality standards. Poor-quality refractories can affect the tundish’s service life and impact molten steel quality.
5. Storage Conditions: When storing refractory materials, implement effective waterproofing, rainproofing, and moisture-proof measures, and categorize storage to prevent deterioration or damage.
6. Use of Expired Products: Prohibit the use of expired unshaped refractories, as their effectiveness diminishes, potentially impacting the steelmaking process.

In summary, selecting and using appropriate refractories for tundish is crucial for the safety and efficiency of the steelmaking process. A thorough understanding of each part’s needs, coupled with strict adherence to selection and usage requirements, ensures the seamless operation of the steelmaking process.